Discuss the importance of a structured evaluation process to a successful evidence-based interventional program

Identify two valid and reliable sources for evidence-based interventions for populations.

1B.Discuss the importance of a structured evaluation process to a successful evidence-based interventional program

 

Curley, A.L. & Vitale, P.A. (2016). Population-Based Nursing: Concepts and Competencies for Advanced Practice (2nd ed.). New York, NY.: Springer Publishing.

• Chapter 5: Applying Evidence at the Population Level
• Chapter 7: Concepts in Program Design and Development
• Chapter 10. Challenges in Program Implementation

 

References

Adapted from Worthen, B., Sanders, J., & Fitzpatrick, J. 1997. Program evaluation: Alternative approaches and practical guidelines. 2nd ed. New York, NY: Addison, Wesley Logman, Inc.

Adapted from Joint Committee on Standards for Educational Evaluation. 1994. Program evaluation standards: How to assess evaluations of educational programs. 2nd ed. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.

American Association of Colleges of Nursing. 2006. The essentials of doctoral education for advanced nursing practice. Retrieved from  http://www.aacn.nche.edu/DNP/pdf/Essentials.pdf

American Association of Colleges of Nursing. 2008. The essentials of baccalaureate education for professional nursing practice. Retrieved from http://www.aacn.nche.edu/education/pdf/BaccEssentials08.pdf

Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS). 2013. http://www.cms.gov/Medicare/Prevention/PrevntionGenInfo/

Stoto, Michael. 2014. Population Health Measurement: Applying Performance Measurement Concepts in Population Health Settings. eGEMs (Generating Evidence & Methods to improve patient outcomes): Vol. 2: Iss. 4, Article 6.

 

 

 

Health Promotion and Prevention

In previous weeks, we have discussed the multiple sources of data used to prioritize the needs of communities to serve as the basis for population-based programs. This week, the multiple aspects of implementation in complex environments will be explored.

Health promotion and disease prevention are critical foci of population health. However, the disproportional financial investments in public health interventions need to be analyzed and evaluated regarding why this disparity exists. Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) (2013) published the following at http://www.cms.gov/Medicare/Prevention/PrevntionGenInfo/.

• 75% of U.S. health spending is attributable to conditions that are largely preventable:
  • Cardiovascular disease
  • Diabetes
  • Lung disease
  • Injuries
  • Vaccine-preventable diseases and sexually transmitted infections

• Less than 5% of U.S. health spending is allocated to prevention and public health.

According to Mays (2014), many evidence-based public health strategies reach less than half the U.S. populations at risk, such as smoking cessation, influenza vaccination, hypertension control nutrition and physical activities programs, HIV prevention, family planning, substance abuse prevention, interpersonal violence prevention, and maternal and infant home visiting for high-risk populations. The foundation for some of this incongruent allotment of healthcare dollars can be attributed to the difficulty in the dissimilar approaches in interventions and evaluation processes that result in the lack of ability to measure outcomes in a standardized, meaningful way. Due to the complexities, a nationwide, concerted effort has been realized to improve these processes.

To aid in the development, implementation, and evaluation of complex population public health initiatives, several organizations have been noteworthy in providing examples, information, resources and inter- professional collaboration to create well-organized public health initiatives.

Organizations and Consortiums Dedicated to Public Health Initiatives

The Public Health Services and Systems Research (PHSSR)

The Public Health Services and Systems Research (PHSSR) is a consortium of public health programs. Their viewpoint is that systems research and policies should be organized, financed, and delivered in ways that maximize population health impact, cost effectiveness, and health equity. PHSSR identifies the implementation strategies that work, building evidence to support decision making across the public health sphere. Effective, efficient, and equitable public health services and systems build healthier nation- developing interventions for population targeted programs.